🔴Listeriosis🔻Listeriosis is a sporadic bacterial infection that affects a wide range of animals, including man and birds.🔻It is principally caused by Listeria monocytogenes, and occasionally by L.ivanovii.🔻The natural habitat is soil and the mammalian intestinal tract and vegetation and silage become contaminated with soil and/or feces.🔻Humans...
Bovine Anaplasmosis
🔴Bovine Anaplasmosis🔻Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne bacterial disease of ruminants caused by obligate intraerythrocytic parasites of the genus Anaplasma.🔻Clinical bovine anaplasmosis is usually caused by Anaplasma marginale.🔻Cattle are also infected with Anaplasma caudatum, which may result in severe disease, and Anaplasma centrale, which generally...
Poisonings in animals
🔴Poisonings in animals🧪🔻Poisons are substances that cause disturbances in animal body by chemical reaction or other activities , when vital organ of animal body absorbs a sufficient quantity of poison .🟢Three Main Principles of treatment in cases of poisoning :1- Removal of the residual poison from the alimentary tract or skin. 2- Provision...
Fatty liver syndrome is the accumulation of fat within the cow's liver
Fatty liver syndrome is the accumulation of fat within the cow's liver.CauseFatty liver occurs as a result of the cow breaking down too much fat for the liver to process properly. Fat mobilisation occurs as a result of negative energy balance. The broken down far is then converted back to fat in the liver to prevent them becoming toxic. Thus...
Cow Parturition Indicators
Cow Parturition Indicators:***************************How to know when a cow will calve?Cow calving and knowing when your cow will calve is important because it can mean the difference between the life or death of your calf, cow or both. So therefore it is important to know what to look out for when your cow is about to give birth. Cows...
Bloat in cow/ Tympany in cow
✓BLOAT🐄🐄_______________Bloat is an over distention of the rumen and reticulum with the gases of fermentation.Tympany is caused by a physical or functional obstruction or stenosis of esophagus resulting in failure to eructate .In adult animals, free-gas bloat is less frequent and usually more acute because disturbances of the adult rumen tend...
When Cow should be Inseminated
When should cows be inseminated?If cows are inseminated too early the sperm will no longer be viable when they meet the egg; if they're inseminated too late then the reverse will occur.However, there is more leeway with the former than the latter. The golden rule of timing of insemination remains: inseminate before the cow releases the egg ('ovulation')...
Hormonal drugs avaiable in the Pakistani markete
Hormonal drugs avaiable in the
markete
A) Estrogen Preparations:-
Clinical use: for treating
persistent CL, for expelling purulent material from the uterus, retained
placenta and
mummified fetus, and for
promoting weight gain.
1. Stilboesterol Dipropionate:-
Horses: 0.3mg/kg
Ruminants:heat:2-3cc,retained placenta:30-50mg,pyometra...
